The purpose of this research has been to work with local authorities and their partners to understand the key enablers and barriers to sustained improvement in Children’s Services. This is an opportunity to refresh and build upon the research undertaken by Isos Partnership for the LGA on this topic in 2016.1 This research is based on interviews with national stakeholders; local fieldwork engagements in nine participating local areas that had improved children’s services or sustained strong performance over several years; and two online action-learning workshops with representatives from the nine participating local authorities to test and refine the findings of the research.